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Abstract The phylogeny of the Ichthyosauria is investigated on the basis of 128 characters of the cra nial and postcranial anatomy. Previous attempts are discussed and, as far as considered appro priate, their results are included in the analysis. Ichthyosaur taxonomy on the suprageneric, generic and specific level is discussed. The following new suprageneric taxa are introduced: Hueneosauria taxon nov. and Tore tocnemidae fam. nov. The following new genera and species are erected: Phantomosaurus gen. nov. for “ Shastasaurus ” neubigi , Callawayia gen. nov. for “ Shastasaurus ” neoscapularis , and Rotundopteryx hulkei gen. et sp. nov. for postcranial material previously ascribed to the om phalosaurid Pessopteryx nisseri . An overview of all valid genera and species of ichthyosaurs, including modern diagnoses, is presented. The genera Himalayasaurus , Tibetosaurus , Pessosaurus , Macropterygius and Pachy gonosaurus are dismissed as nomina dubia, the ichthyosaurian status of Isfjordosaurus is ques tioned. The genus Protoichthyosaurus is regarded as a junior subjective synonym of Ichthyo saurus . Excalibosaurus is referred to Eurhinosaurus . Otschevia is referred to Brachypterygius . Plutoniosaurus and Simbirskiasaurus are referred to Platypterygius , and Paraophthal mosaurus , Undorosaurus , Yasykovia , Khudiakovia and Mollesaurus are referred to Ophthal mosaurus . The occurence of the genus Mikadocephalus, hitherto exclusively known from the Grenzbitumenzone of Monte San Giorgio, in the Tschermakfjellet Formation of Spitsbergen is demonstrated. The new phylogeny agrees well with hitherto published versions in general, but differs in many important details. Thaisaurus , ignored in previous works, appears to be the most basal ichthyosaur known. The mixosaurids are clearly less derived than the cymbospondylids. Wimanius is their sister taxon. The shastasaurids are not monophyletic but form a set of suc cessive outgroups to the Parvipelvia. Toretocnemus and Qianichthyosaurus form a mono phyletic family Toretocnemidae at the base of the Longipinnati. The post-Triassic ichthyo saurs form a very stable monophylum, the Neoichthyosauria SANDER, 2000, the temnodon tosaurids are the most basal forms of this clade whereas Suevoleviathan is the sister-group of the Thunnosauria. Ichthyosaurus is less derived than Stenopterygius . Caypullisaurus and Oph thalmosaurus are Read more
Categories:
Nature, Animals & Pets – Dinosaurs
Content Type:
Books
Year:
2000
Publisher:
Research gate
Language:
English
Pages:
161
File:
PDF, 2.14 MB
Your tags:
english, 2000
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